CIS NO: 75-H381-26 TITLE: Human Rights in South Korea: Implications for U.S. Policy. SOURCE: Committee on Foreign Affairs. House DOC TYPE: Hearing COLLATION: vii+283 p. DATE: July 30, Aug. 5, Dec. 20, 1974 CONGRESS-SESSION: 93-2 SUDOC: Y4.F67/1:H88/6 ITEM NO: 1017 LC CARD NO: 75-601487 MC ENTRY NO: 05157(75) Hearings before the Subcom on Asian and Pacific Affairs and Subcom on International Organizations and Movements to consider implications for U.S. policy of the deteriorating human rights situation in South Korea. Hearings focus on increasing political repression subsequent to revocation of democratic freedoms under 1972 Yushin constitution, and on recent trials before military tribunals of students, intellectuals, and labor leaders for violation of President Park Chung Hee's emergency decrees. Includes statements by subcom members (p. 1-6, 71-73) and submitted statement from Embassy of Korea (p. 6-9). Includes submitted statements (p. 153-170). Appendices (p. 171-283) contain correspondence, State Dept replies to subcom questions, articles, accounts of Korean repression, and: a. Goldich, Robert L. (CRS analyst), Chronology of Korean-American Relations, 1834-1974 (p. 171-179). b. National Council of Churches of Christ, Political Arrests: Republic of Korea (p. 180-189). c. Emergency Decrees of Republic of Korea, 1974, texts (p. 196-198). d. National Council of Churches of Christ, human rights policy statements (p. 207-215). e. Ogle, George E. (Rev.) documentation pertaining to alleged Korean CIA fabrication of espionage charges against critics of Park regime (p. 224-228). CONTENT NOTATION: Human rights in South Korea DESCRIPTORS (and special content notations): SUBCOM ON ASIAN AND PACIFIC AFFAIRS. HOUSE; SUBCOM ON INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND MOVEMENTS. HOUSE; FOREIGN.RELATIONS; CIVIL LIBERTIES; MILITARY.ASSISTANCE (Korean human rights deprivation, policy implications); KOREA; PARK CHUNG HEE 75-H381-26 TESTIMONY NO: 1 July 30, 1974 p. 9-28 WITNESSES (and witness notations): HUMMEL, ARTHUR W., JR. (Act Asst Sec of State for East Asian and Pacific Aff) ABRAMOWITZ, MORTON I. (Dep Asst Sec of Def for East Asian and Pacific Aff, Bur of Intl Security Aff) STATEMENTS AND DISCUSSION: Historical perspective on recent removal of human rights in Korea; problem of substantiating reports on rights deprivation and torture; rationale for continuing military and economic aid; extent of U.S. diplomatic efforts to end repression. CONTENT NOTATION: Human rights in South Korea DESCRIPTORS: DEPARTMENT.OF.STATE; DEPARTMENT.OF.DEFENSE 75-H381-26 TESTIMONY NO: 2 July 30, 1974 p. 28-50 WITNESSES (and witness notations): BUTLER, WILLIAM J. (atty, observer for Amnesty Intl; former US rep to UN Intl Commission of Jurists; counsel, Intl League for the Rights of Man) STATEMENT AND DISCUSSION: Conclusions based on facts, conversations, and documents pertaining to trial of 54 Koreans arrested under emergency regulations; judgment on reasons for emergency decrees, frequency of torture, and types of persons subjected to persecution; apparent absence of external security threats justifying repression; recommended aid withdrawal pending prohibition of torture and amnesty for persons convicted under emergency decrees. (For further discussion, see H381-26.3.) INSERTION: Completed trials, sentences, and pending trials, list (p. 48-50). CONTENT NOTATION: Human rights in South Korea DESCRIPTORS: AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL 75-H381-26 TESTIMONY NO: 3 July 30, 1974 p. 50-69 WITNESSES (and witness notations): REISCHAUER, EDWIN O. (prof, Harvard Univ; former US ambassador to Japan) STATEMENT: Compelling reasons for U.S. disassociation from Park regime. (p. 50-54) DISCUSSION: (Also covers testimony under H381-26.2.) Advocacy of reduced military and economic aid; delineation of suggested conditions for continued assistance; danger to U.S. interests of growing Korean alienation from their government. (p. 54-69) CONTENT NOTATION: Human rights in South Korea 75-H381-26 TESTIMONY NO: 4 Aug. 5, 1974 p. 74-85 WITNESSES (and witness notations): MEEDS, LLOYD ((Rep, D-Wash); also on behalf of) UDALL, MORRIS K. (Rep, D-Ariz) STATEMENT AND DISCUSSION: Impressions from personal visit of intensifying Korean repression and identification of U.S. with Park regime; desire for reduced military aid and possibly disassociation. CONTENT NOTATION: Human rights in South Korea 75-H381-26 TESTIMONY NO: 5 Aug. 5, 1974 p. 85-128 WITNESSES (and witness notations): HENDERSON, GREGORY (assoc prof, Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts Univ) COOLIDGE, T. JEFFERSON, JR. (chm, Bay Orient Holding Corp) MCFADDEN, MICHAEL (Rev.) (member, St Columban's Foreign Mission Soc, Diocese of Wonju, South Korea) O'LEARY, WILLIAM O. (Rev.) (asst gen, Maryknoll Fathers, NY; former missionary in Korea) MOFFETT, EDWARD J. (Rev.) (Catholic Leprosy Service, Seoul, Korea) CARY, W. STERLING (Rev.) (pres, Natl Council of Churches) BILLINGS, PEGGY (asst gen sec of women's div, Bd of Global Ministries of the United Methodist Church) STATEMENTS AND DISCUSSION: Personal experiences of current Korean repression; traditional background of Korean demonstrations; appeal for reduced or curtailed military aid pending evidence of democratic reform and release of political prisoners; dangers of aid reductions in possibly stimulating North Korean miscalculations and invasion (Coolidge, Moffett). CONTENT NOTATION: Human rights in South Korea DESCRIPTORS: ST. COLUMBAN'S FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY; NATIONAL COUNCIL OF CHURCHES OF CHRIST; BAY ORIENT HOLDING CORP.; MARYKNOLL FATHERS; CATHOLIC LEPROSY SERVICE, SEOUL, KOREA; UNITED METHODIST CHURCH 75-H381-26 TESTIMONY NO: 6 Dec. 20, 1974 p. 131-151 WITNESSES (and witness notations): OGLE, GEORGE E. (Rev.) (Bd of Missions of United Methodist Church; missionary to South Korea) STATEMENT AND DISCUSSION: Background and manner of expulsion from Korea for speeches advocating human rights and for opposing Yushin system and Korean CIA; suppression of Korean labor unions since 1970; desired U.S. support for Korean people. INSERTION: "The Case of the Rev. George Ewing Ogle," Embassy of Korea statement, Dec. 14, 1974 (p. 138-139). CONTENT NOTATION: Human rights in South Korea DESCRIPTORS: UNITED METHODIST CHURCH