CIS NO: 71-S381-18
 TITLE: Legislative Proposals Relating to the War in Southeast Asia.
 SOURCE: Committee on Foreign Relations. Senate
 DOC TYPE: Hearing                   COLLATION: vii+726+xii p. il. Index.
 DATE: Apr. 20-22, 28, May 3, 11-13, 25-27, 1971
 CONGRESS-SESSION: 92-1              SUDOC: Y4.F76/2:As4/13
 ITEM NO: 1039
 LC CARD NO: 79-614140               MC ENTRY NO: 16496(71)

 Hearings to consider:
 S. 376, the Vietnam Disengagement Act (text, p. 2-4), to amend the Foreign
     Assistance Act of 1961 to provide that after May 1, 1971, authorized or
     appropriated funds may be used in connection with activities of American
     Armed Forces in and over Vietnam only: to accomplish orderly termination
     of military operations and the safe withdrawal of remaining American
     Armed Forces by Dec. 31, 1971; to assure the release of prisoners of war
     (POWs) and the safety of South Vietnamese who might be physically
     endangered by American withdrawal; and to provide assistance to South
     Vietnam consistent with these objectives.
 S. 974 (text, p. 5-6), to amend the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to
     prohibit any involvement of U.S. Armed Forces in an invasion of North
     Vietnam without prior and explicit congressional authorization.
 S.J. Res. 82 (text, p. 7-9), proposing that the U.S. agree to complete
     withdrawal of all U.S. military personnel from South Vietnam within
     twelve months following completion of the exchange, under appropriate
     international supervision, of all POWs.
 S. Con. Res. 17 (p. 10-14), reaffirming U.S. neutrality in the 1971 South
     Vietnamese elections, calling upon the President to implement a policy
     of strict neutrality, and creating a bi-partisan congressional
     commission, supported by a staff in Vietnam throughout the election
     campaign, to oversee U.S. policies and activities which might interfere
     with the electoral process.
 S. Res. 62 (p. 15-16), resolving that the Senate Committees on Foreign
     Relations, Appropriations, and Armed Services should examine and report
     on the requirements and consequences of the orderly withdrawal of all
     U.S. Armed Forces from Southeast (SE) Asia including the safe return of
     American POWs.
 S. Res. 66 (text, p. 17-18), urging the President immediately to withdraw
     all U.S. Armed Forces from Indochina and to terminate all military
     operations in Indochina except those of a purely defensive character
     related to the withdrawal, conditioned only upon agreement with the
     Government of the People's Republic of Vietnam for the release and
     repatriation of U.S. POWs.
 S.J. Res. 89 (text, p. 19-20), resolving that upon agreement between the
     U.S. and North Vietnamese Governments as to the release of American
     POWs, the U.S. shall declare a ceasefire in-place and withdraw all its
     military forces and equipment from South Vietnam not later than nine
     months from the date of the agreement.
 Contains extensive colloquy by Committee Chairman J. W. Fulbright (Sen,
 D-Ark) and Committee members on the issues involved in and the possibilities
 for termination of the war and a political settlement in SE Asia. Includes
 submitted statements and correspondence (p. 683-726).
   (For summary of brief items of testimony, see S381-18.22.)
 CONTENT NOTATION: SE Asia war, congressional proposals to end
 DESCRIPTORS: PRISONERS OF WAR; CONGRESSIONAL-EXECUTIVE RELATIONS;
     FULBRIGHT, J. WILLIAM; CAMBODIA; LAOS; VIETNAM DISENGAGEMENT ACT;
     FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT; VIETNAM; FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT
 BILLS: 92 S.376; 92 S.974; 92 S.J.Res.82; 92 S.Con.Res.17; 92
     S.Res.62; 92 S.Res.66; 92 S.J.Res.89
 LEGISLATIVE HISTORY OF: P.L.92-226

 71-S381-18 TESTIMONY NO: 1         Apr. 20, 1971 p. 22-89
 WITNESSES (and witness notations):
     MCGOVERN, GEORGE (Sen, D-SDak)
     HATFIELD, MARK O. (Sen, R-Oreg)
 STATEMENTS AND DISCUSSION:
     Summary, and desirability, of S. 376; differences in intention and
        likely consequences of Administration policy and S. 376, including
        constitutionality of the two approaches; relative merits of proposal
        by Sen. John S. Cooper (R-Ky) to make firm commitment of withdrawal
        but without setting definite date.
 CONTENT NOTATION: SE Asia war, congressional proposals to end

 71-S381-18 TESTIMONY NO: 2         Apr. 20, 1971 p. 89-97
 WITNESSES (and witness notations):
     HARTKE, VANCE (Sen, D-Ind)
 STATEMENT AND DISCUSSION: Need for S. Res. 66; summary of conversations
     with each of the four delegations to the Paris peace talks; necessity of
     fixed date for U.S. military withdrawal from Vietnam.
 CONTENT NOTATION: SE Asia war, congressional proposals to end

 71-S381-18 TESTIMONY NO: 3         Apr. 21, 1971 p. 103-117
 WITNESSES (and witness notations):
     JAVITS, JACOB K. (Sen, R-NY)
 STATEMENT AND DISCUSSION: Weakening effect of Vietnam war on U.S.;
     desirability of June 30, 1972, terminal date for U.S. military force
     withdrawal from Vietnam.
 CONTENT NOTATION: SE Asia war, congressional proposals to end

 71-S381-18 TESTIMONY NO: 4         Apr. 21, 1971 p. 117-127
 WITNESSES (and witness notations):
     MILLER, JACK (Sen, R-Iowa)
 STATEMENT AND DISCUSSION: Need for and feasibility of S.J. Res. 82;
     reliability of North Vietnamese statements regarding return of POWs.
 CONTENT NOTATION: SE Asia war, congressional proposals to end

 71-S381-18 TESTIMONY NO: 5         Apr. 21, 1971 p. 127-144
 WITNESSES (and witness notations):
     STEVENSON, ADLAI E., III (Sen, D-Ill)
 STATEMENT AND DISCUSSION: Support for announced date of withdrawal of all
     American forces; desirability and practicability of S. Con. Res. 17 as
     means of encouraging political settlement in Vietnam.
 CONTENT NOTATION: SE Asia war, congressional proposals to end

 71-S381-18 TESTIMONY NO: 6         Apr. 21, 1971 p. 144-167
 WITNESSES (and witness notations):
     MONDALE, WALTER F. (Sen, D-Minn)
 STATEMENT AND DISCUSSION: Support for S. 376; summary of and need for S.
     974, including feasibility of adding an amendment to an appropriation
     bill to achieve purpose.
 CONTENT NOTATION: SE Asia war, congressional proposals to end

 71-S381-18 TESTIMONY NO: 7         Apr. 21, 1971 p. 174-177
 WITNESSES (and witness notations):
     SAXBE, WILLIAM B. (Sen, R-Ohio)
 STATEMENT AND DISCUSSION: Questionable value of S. 376 as long as
     accelerated withdrawal continues.
 CONTENT NOTATION: SE Asia war, congressional proposals to end

 71-S381-18 TESTIMONY NO: 8         Apr. 22, 1971 p. 180-210
 WITNESSES (and witness notations):
     KERRY, JOHN (representing Vietnam Veterans Against The War)
 STATEMENT: Asserts necessity of immediate and unilateral withdrawal based
     on Vietnam veterans' personal experiences. (p. 180-185)
 DISCUSSION: Means of disengagement from war and political settlement in
     Indochina; viability of American political system. (p. 185-210)
 CONTENT NOTATION: SE Asia war, congressional proposals to end
 DESCRIPTORS: VIETNAM VETERANS AGAINST THE WAR

 71-S381-18 TESTIMONY NO: 9         Apr. 28, 1971 p. 211-251
 WITNESSES (and witness notations):
     CRAVEN, JAY
     
     GREGORY, SUSAN
     
     SCAGLIOTTI, JOHN
     
     MARSHALL, CHIP
     
     SISTER, KATHY (all reps of Students and Youth for a People's Peace)
 STATEMENTS: Devastation of war in Indochina; genesis of People's Peace
     Treaty (text, p. 215); charged fallacy of President's policy and failure
     of Congress and democratic system; necessity of new tactics to end war.
     (p. 211-228)
 DISCUSSION: Debate on intent, tactics and effect of planned civil
     disobedience; South and North Vietnamese treatment of POWs and
     likelihood of mutual exchange without conditions. (p. 228-251)
 CONTENT NOTATION: SE Asia war, congressional proposals to end
 DESCRIPTORS: STUDENTS AND YOUTH FOR A PEOPLE'S PEACE; PEACE MOVEMENTS

 71-S381-18 TESTIMONY NO: 10        Apr. 28, 1971 p. 251-262
 WITNESSES (and witness notations):
     STEPHENS, MELVILLE L. (former Navy Lt)
 STATEMENT: Weaknesses of arguments for setting definite withdrawal date;
     U.S. responsibility to South Vietnamese people. (p. 251-253)
 DISCUSSION: Commitment to Vietnamese v. domestic commitment. (p. 253-262)
 CONTENT NOTATION: SE Asia war, congressional proposals to end

 71-S381-18 TESTIMONY NO: 11        May 3, 1971 p. 263-316
 WITNESSES (and witness notations):
     IRWIN, JOHN N., II (Under Sec of State); accompanied by SULLIVAN,
        WILLIAM H. (Dep Asst Sec for East Asian and Pacific Aff)
 STATEMENT: Review of Administration policy on ending U.S. participation in
     Vietnam war and repatriation of American POWs; opposition to
     announcement of fixed date for total withdrawal. (p. 263-268)
 DISCUSSION: Rationale for continuation of war, including Constitutional
     authority for President's Vietnam policy; extent of Administration and
     State Dept responsiveness to committee views and requests and to public
     opinion; U.S. activity in Laos and Cambodia during and after withdrawal
     of American forces in Vietnam. (p. 268-316)
 INSERTION: "President Nixon's Record on Vietnam, 1954-68," chronology of
     actions and statements as reported in the N.Y. Times (p. 295-299).
 CONTENT NOTATION: SE Asia war, congressional proposals to end
 DESCRIPTORS (and special content notations): DEPARTMENT.OF.STATE; NIXON,
     RICHARD M. (Vietnam actions and statements, 1954-68, chronology)

 71-S381-18 TESTIMONY NO: 12        May 11, 1971 p. 317-341
 WITNESSES (and witness notations):
     EAGLETON, THOMAS F. (Sen, D-Mo)
 STATEMENT AND DISCUSSION: Probability and implications of continuing
     involvement in Vietnam if definite withdrawal date not set; support for
     S. 376.
 CONTENT NOTATION: SE Asia war, congressional proposals to end

 71-S381-18 TESTIMONY NO: 13        May 11, 1971 p. 341-379
 WITNESSES (and witness notations):
     GARDNER, JOHN W. (chm, Common Cause, Wash, DC)
 STATEMENT AND DISCUSSION: Swing in public opinion regarding Vietnam war;
     support for announced withdrawal date and schedule whereby prisoner
     releases would be phased with stages of withdrawal; need for reassertion
     of congressional power and influence vis-a-vis the Executive Branch.
 CONTENT NOTATION: SE Asia war, congressional proposals to end
 DESCRIPTORS: COMMON CAUSE

 71-S381-18 TESTIMONY NO: 14        May 12, 1971 p. 382-424
 WITNESSES (and witness notations):
     GELSTHORPE, EDWARD (pres, Hunt-Wesson Foods, Inc)
 STATEMENT AND DISCUSSION: Destructive effects of Vietnam war on domestic
     and international situations; need for announced date for complete U.S.
     military withdrawal.
 CONTENT NOTATION: SE Asia war, congressional proposals to end
 DESCRIPTORS: HUNT-WESSON FOODS

 71-S381-18 TESTIMONY NO: 15        May 13, 1971 p. 425-484
 WITNESSES (and witness notations):
     HICKEY, GERALD C. (member, social science dept, Rand Corp)
     SHAPLEN, ROBERT (Far Eastern Correspondent, New Yorker magazine)
     LUCE, DON (former free lance journalist in Vietnam)
 STATEMENTS AND DISCUSSION:
     U.S. withdrawal policy as it relates to possibilities of a political
        settlement in Vietnam; value and supervision of South Vietnamese
        elections; current situation in SE Asia as a whole and probable
        immediate and long range consequences of various policy alternatives.
 CONTENT NOTATION: SE Asia war, congressional proposals to end

 71-S381-18 TESTIMONY NO: 16        May 25, 1971 p. 485-501
 WITNESSES (and witness notations):
     SHOUP, DAVID M. (Gen., ret.) (Marine Corps)
 STATEMENT AND DISCUSSION: Desirability of speedy withdrawal of U.S.
     forces; need for continuing U.S. military aid following troop
     withdrawal.
 CONTENT NOTATION: SE Asia war, congressional proposals to end

 71-S381-18 TESTIMONY NO: 17        May 25, 1971 p. 501-520
 WITNESSES (and witness notations):
     HARRIMAN, W. AVERELL (Wash, DC)
 STATEMENT AND DISCUSSION: Desirability of congressional use of power of
     the purse to force Administration to negotiate withdrawal and thereby to
     compel South Vietnamese to negotiate a political settlement; support for
     congressional mission to observe South Vietnamese elections.
 CONTENT NOTATION: SE Asia war, congressional proposals to end

 71-S381-18 TESTIMONY NO: 18        May 26, 1971 p. 531-589
 WITNESSES (and witness notations):
     YOST, CHARLES W. (former US Permanent Rep to UN)
     FALK, RICHARD A. (prof of intl law and practice, Princeton Univ)
     LEWIS, JOHN W. (prof, Inst of Political Studies, Stanford Univ)
 STATEMENTS AND DISCUSSION:
     Desirability of setting firm withdrawal date; policy in SE Asia
        following withdrawal, including need for Geneva-type conference;
        moral aspects of the Vietnam war including debate on the extent to
        which U.S. war policies may have constituted war crimes; China's
        changing role in Indochina; necessity and means of persuading
        President of present opportunities to end Vietnam war.
 CONTENT NOTATION: SE Asia war, congressional proposals to end
 DESCRIPTORS (and special content notations): WAR CRIMES (SE Asia war,
     implications of U.S. policies)

 71-S381-18 TESTIMONY NO: 19        May 27, 1971 p. 591-607
 WITNESSES (and witness notations):
     JACOBS, ANDREW, JR. (Rep, D-Ind)
 STATEMENT AND DISCUSSION: Desirability of H. Res. 319, calling for
     withdrawal of all U.S. forces from Vietnam sixty days after North
     Vietnamese agree to return all U.S. prisoners in Indochina; lack of
     influence on policy of changed public opinion regarding Vietnam war.
 CONTENT NOTATION: SE Asia war, congressional proposals to end

 71-S381-18 TESTIMONY NO: 20        May 27, 1971 p. 607-636
 WITNESSES (and witness notations):
     MCCLOSKEY, PAUL N., JR. (Rep, R-Calif)
 STATEMENT AND DISCUSSION: Alleged deceptive briefings regarding relocation
     and bombing of Laotian and Vietnamese villages and the Phoenix program;
     support for S. 376; congressional power over appropriations as means to
     force Executive Branch cooperation.
 CONTENT NOTATION: SE Asia war, congressional proposals to end

 71-S381-18 TESTIMONY NO: 21        May 27, 1971 p. 636-682
 WITNESSES (and witness notations):
     RAINWATER, HERBERT R. (Cmdr in Chief, VFW)
 STATEMENT AND DISCUSSION: Opposition to proposals for immediate,
     unilateral or unconditional withdrawal of U.S. forces from SE Asia;
     South Vietnamese economic and political progress during war; extent of
     reliability of North Vietnamese assurances regarding release of U.S.
     POWs.
 INSERTION: Problems faced by Vietnam war veterans, compendium of newspaper
     and magazine articles (p. 669-682).
 CONTENT NOTATION: SE Asia war, congressional proposals to end
 DESCRIPTORS (and special content notations): VETERANS OF FOREIGN WARS;
     VETERANS (Vietnam war veterans problems)

 71-S381-18 TESTIMONY NO: 22        Brief Testimony
 WITNESSES (and witness notations):
     CLARK, JOSEPH S. (pres, World Federalists, USA, p. 520-529)
     CRANSTON, ALAN ((Sen, D-Calif), p. 98-102)
     GRUENING, ERNEST (former Sen from Alaska, p. 168-173)
 BRIEF ITEMS OF TESTIMONY:
     Support for S. 376.
 CONTENT NOTATION: SE Asia war, congressional proposals to end
 DESCRIPTORS: WORLD FEDERALISTS, U.S.A.